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2022
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What are the benchmark processes for machining precision mechanical parts?
Author：
(A) process benchmark
Process benchmark is the benchmark used in the process of the part. According to the different uses, the process benchmark can be sub-process benchmark, positioning benchmark, measurement benchmark and assembly benchmark.
1、Process benchmark
In the process diagram, used to determine the size, shape, position of the processed surface of the process used in the benchmark, called the process benchmark.
2、Location datum
In processing, to determine the correct position of the workpiece in the machine tool or fixture used in the benchmark, known as the positioning datum.
3、Measurement benchmark
In the processing or after processing, used to measure the shape, position and size of the workpiece error adopted by the benchmark, known as the measurement benchmark.
4、Assembly benchmark
In the assembly, used to determine the relative position of the parts or components in the product benchmark used, known as the assembly benchmark. Such as the bore of the gear is the assembly benchmark of the gear. In general, the design benchmark is given in the part drawing, the process benchmark is the process personnel according to the specific process selection to determine.
In the analysis of the benchmark problem, pay attention to the following two points.
1) as a benchmark point, line, surface in the workpiece does not necessarily exist specifically (such as the hole centerline, axis line, etc.), and by some specific surface to reflect, these surfaces are called the base surface. For example, the centerline of the bore is reflected by the surface of the bore, the centerline of the bore is the datum, and the surface of the bore is the base surface. Therefore, the problem of selecting a datum is the problem of selecting a proper base surface. In particular, sometimes the datum and the base surface can be referred to collectively as the datum for the convenience of the narrative.
2) As a datum, it can be a point and line without area or a very small surface, but the base surface representing such a datum always has a certain area. For example, in the lathe to install a long axis, the benchmark is the axis line, it has no area; base surface is a tapered surface, it is very small but does have a certain area.
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